Previous studies have found the incidence of heart disease is about twice as high in people with periodontal (gum) disease, but until recently no plausible cause had been suggested. Now studies indicate that the most common strain of bacteria in dental plaque may cause blood clots. When blood clots escape into the bloodstream, there is a relation to increased risk of heart attacks and other heart illnesses.

People with periodontal disease (over one half the adult population) have an infection that causes chronic inflammation of the gums. Also, it is a path for these bacteria to enter the bloodstream.

A recent study describes the association between heart disease and gum disease to be at least as strong as the linkage of heart disease to cholesterol, body weight, or smoking.

Incidence of Periodontal Disease

Unlike most diseases that give us early warning signs, gum disease progresses silently, often without pain. It may develop slowly or progress quite rapidly. More than half of all people over 18 have at least the early stages of periodontal disease. Even more frightening, after the age of 35, three out of four people are affected to some degree. Periodontal disease is an infection that destroys the gum surrounding your teeth and also destroys the supporting bone that holds your teeth in place.

Bacteria in plaque have also been linked to:

• Inflammation of the lining of the blood vessels that is known to lead to constriction in the arteries.
• Infective endocarditis, a potentially fatal disease in which the inner lining of the heart becomes inflamed.
• Lung infections in people with chronic lung diseases.
• A weakened immune system that can slow wound healing and diminish a person's response to hepatitis B and flu vaccines.
• A higher risk of delivering premature, low birth weight infants.
• Tooth loss.

Evidence is mounting relating gum disease to a variety of health concerns, some that are life threatening. By keeping regular recare appointments with your dental team, you help increase your chances for a long and happy life.

• Gums that bleed when you brush your teeth.
• Gums that are red, swollen or tender.
• Gums that are pulled away from teeth.
• Pus between teeth and gums when gums are pressed.
• Permanent teeth that are loose or separating.
• Change in the way your teeth fit together when biting.
• Any changes in fit of partial dentures.
• Persistent bad breath.

Your dental team can help you better understand periodontal disease and how you can prevent it. They can quickly and painlessly check and monitor the condition of your gums during your recare appointments. Your examinations may show signs of infection, such as bleeding or pockets (spaces between the teeth and gums) that are deeper than normal. Your dentist may suggest a course of treatment that will help stop any further damage to your gums and bones. Your dental team will then design a homecare regimen for your specific needs!

Even healthy looking teeth may have gum disease. Only your dentist or hygienist can tell with a simple exam.